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Friday 31 May 2013

History Narmada ( Guajrat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Narmada ( Guajrat )

Narmada

Narmada
Present Narmada district was independent India’s Deshi Rajwada’s one independent ‘Rajpipla’ Raj, which was dissolved on 9/6/1947 into the Mumbai State of independent India. There is no authentic evidence found on peeping into the grand history of this Rajpipla State and today’s Narmada district, that of when and how this name Rajpipla came. But there is one story that the first throne was made under a ‘Peepal’ tree and due to that ‘Rajpipla’ name was coined.

Similarly, some say that this name came because of the lots of Peepal trees in this region while some say that in ancient times, there was a ‘Tapovan’ of Maharshi Piplod related to ‘Vindhyachal’ in the Sikoy Square on the south bank of Narmada and from that this name was came. But, evidence is there that as this state was a part of ‘Vindhyachal’, the name of this kingdom was ‘Rajgiri’ for some time. Avantika ( Ujjaini ) emperor Vikram’s heir’s Parmar Shri Nandrai, in the beginning of Vikram Samvat 1200, dreamt about establishing a State and due to this, on the southern bank of Narmada, on the border of Dukhmal State came in south – east corner, on the banks of karjan River, founded Nanpur village and established his rule on the surrounding populated area and colonized farmers from the near by villages into uninhabited region.

Devi Harsiddhi was founded. Temple of Shri Mahakal Dharmeshwar was built and Vir Vetal Hanuman was established. A palace was built in Nandpur and one lake was built which, at present, is known as Badha Lake. Nandrai’s lineages ruled and the power was gained in Karnali village came on the opposite bank of Narmada and gave most of the northern part of the Narmada to their own components, Kshatriyas for dwelling. Of them, some five became land lords of some 10 villages. ‘Mahervas’ name was given as the dwelling ( Vas ) was given in compassion. For the protection of this Mahervas at Garudeshwar, a fort was built and place of living for officer and protector was built.
After the death of Jaichand, the ninth king of this kingdom, his nephew Samarsinhji named Arjunsinh sat on the throne in 1403. Sultan Ahmed of Gujarat attacked on Rajpipla in between Samvat 1942 and 1972 during the time of Gemalsinhji and razed the temple of Nandkeshwar Mahadev situated on the road on the western side of the Karjan river in Nandpur and a big graveyard was made and since then Muslims were inhabited. During Samvat 1495, Vijaypalji renamed Nandpur as Nandod ( boundary of Nand ) and increased the population of Bhils and prepared an army. Vaidyanath Mahadev along with Ganesh, Hanuman was established. Since then Bhils consider Hanuman as their deity and worship him on the occasion of marriage. Between Samvat 1485 and 1514, Sultan Ahmed Khan again invaded this kingdom but then king Harisinhji defeated him and at a place 10 miles away from Nandod which at present known as Junaraaj, the throne was founded by the name Rajpipla.

In Samvat 1514, Puthurajji, the first, got his coronation at the hand of Junaraj Vasava and since then, it was decided to get the coronation of the monarchs of this dynasty by the man of this Vasava lineage and it is followed even today. Rana Udaysinhji of Chittod had escaped and taken shelter due to the attack of Akbar Shah during Samvat 1615 to 1639. As Emperor Akbar won Gujarat from Muzaffar Shah and attacked on Rajpipla, Puthuraj, the 2nd had to hide in the mountains. From Samvat 1652 to 1661, in the period of the Deepsinhji, the throne was brought to the place which at present known as Rajpipla and the name of the original throne was named as Junaraj. 13 Daanshasans ( deeds of donation ) are found scripted on the copper plate of Gurjar Nrupati Vansh ( lineage ).

These are of the period of Virkram Samvat 380 to 486 ( 629 to 736 A. D. ). After that, the power of the heirs of kings was in force. Gohil King Harisingh was ruling when Sultan Ahmed Shah invaded Nandod again in 1431 A. D. Escaped due to Sultan’s attack and colonized a new capital by the name of Rajpipla. The king of that lineage might be known as the King of Nandod. So the importance of Nandod might have been continued, it is known from the references of Sultan Bahadur Shah that Sultan Muzaffar Shah, the 3rd fled to Nandod after chastised the Nandod King in 1584 A. D. Gohil Kings of Nandod stayed in Rajpipla till 1730 A. D. which is known as Junaraj presently. It is located at a distance of 16 KMs South - East to Nandod. There is an old fort on the top of the mountain. Raja Jitsinh colonized new Rajpipla and founded capital at the confluence of Tarav and Karjan but the Fort Walls which was on the top of the mountain, has almost been destroyed. There is an underground way, below the ‘Lal Darwaja’ in front of it, to go to Junaraj from Nandod.

The fortune wheel of Nandod rotated and again the capital was shifted to Nandod in 1830 where the original capital of this region was. In 1918-19, the name of Nandod was kept as Rajpipla and was the capital of the Nandod Taluka of Bharuch district. The name of the Taluka remained Nandod. But the name of the city has been changed to Rajpipla. The former Rajpipla is now known as Junaraj. Thus in the inclusion of 11 Talukas of Bharuch District, Rajpipla was continued as the province of five Talukas and the revenue procedure of the provincial area was done from Rajpipla. Rajpipla provincial area was linked with Bharuch district and Governmental administrative work was continued for

Source :- http://www.nri.gujarat.gov.in


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History Kheda ( Gujarat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Kheda ( Gujarat )

Kheda

Kheda
Kheda district exists since the establishment of the Gujarat State or even before that. In the month of October in 1997 – 98, due to the division of districts / talukas, Anand district came to existence from Kheda district. The District Head Quarter of Kheda District was Kheda at the time of division, but after division, Nadiad was made the head quarter.
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Thursday 30 May 2013

History Patan ( Guajrat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Patan ( Guajrat )

Patan

Patan
Vanraj Chavda established a new city as the capital on Samvat 802 Vaishakh Sud - 2 and named it Anahilpur after the name of a Bharwad called Anahilla. This same Anahilla Pataka Pattan, that is, Anahilvad Patan was famous as the capital of Vanraj Chavda and Solanki dynasty. There after Patan had brave kings like Bhimdev first, Siddharaj Jaysinh and Kumarpal, intelligent counsellors viz Munjal Mehta, Udayan, Vastupal-Tejpal and learned Pandits like Kalikal Sarvagna Hemchandracharya, Shantisoori and Shripal.

Two historical monuments of Patan, having important place in Gujarat’s history, Sahashtraling Sarovar (lake) and Rani’s Vaav built in the memory of queen Udaymati, wife of king Bheemdev First have been placed in the national monuments list because of their magnificent history and high level architectural values.

Besides this, Hemchandracharya library, the Jain temples, Kalika Mataji’s temple from the time of Siddhraj Jaysinh are also important. During the Vadodara rule also, Patan had a prominent place. Besides this Radhanpur taluka which was included in the newly-created district was the Empire of the Nawab of Babi dynasty. Siddhpur city is famous for Rudramahalay and Matra Shraddh. The Jain temple of Parshvanath dada at Shankheshvar village of Sami taluka has prominent importance.

The Patola of Patan has been part of the social life of Gujarat for past seven centuries. The valuable Patola of Patan has been attracting thousands of the tourists as the time passes by days and years. The tourists visiting Patan get spell bound on observing the best craft of hand weaving. “Padee Patole Bhat… Fate Pan Feete Nahin” those who have quoted such saying about the Patola are talking about the expertise of the special handicraft of the Salvee family of Patan. The Patolas of Patan are made from the purest silk and woven on the conventional handloom which is like a feather in the cap of the district Patan.

Ancient capital of Gurjar Khand and cultural centre Anahilvad Patan is famous for its golden history, noble cultural heritage, architecture, folk art and handicraft of Patola.





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History Mehsana ( Guajrat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Mehsana ( Guajrat )

Mehsana

Mehsana
Introduction : If we start with the mythological era then out of the mythological cities found in the present state of Gujarat one is Dwarika on the western sea coast, which was established by Lord Krishna and the other is our Vadanagar ( Aanartnagar or Anandnagar, the capital of the Aanart region ). As per the mythology Sharyati, son of Manuvaivasvat got the south west part of Bharatkhand ( Aryavrat ). Sharyati’s son Aanart established Aanartnagar. This state extended to Shreemal and Bhinnamal regions of Rajasthan including present region of north Gujarat. The capital of Aanart state was Aanartnagar or Anandnagar ( Vadanagar ).

In the “Skandh Purana” this state is shown as the “Hataka Teerth”. As the memorial of it there is a temple of Hatakeshwar Mahadev. Vadnagar has been famous as the education centre. In the olden times its limit extended till Visnagar. It seems that Nagars have been living in this region since the year 226 A. D.It seems that the word Gujarat was arrived at as a corrupt word of the original Sanskrit word ‘Gurjar. At the time the downfall of Gupta dynasty Gurjar leaders came from the north west of the Bharat region through the Sindh and Rajputana (Rajasthan) after getting freedom. As per the historians they used to rule from Sindh to the regions of Rajasthan. During this time in the 3rd and 4th century Kings of Maurya dynasty ruled over the Kathiyavad and in Junagadh the governor appointed by Ashoka used to rule. After Ashoka, Saurashtra – Gurjar Rashtra came under control of Greek Bactrian kings.

These kings ruled for hundred years. Thereafter rule of Indo - Parthiyan dynasty started. Out of the kings of that dynasty, Chandragupta Vikramaditya came up to Bharuch and conquered Gujarat – Saurashtra in the year 257 A. D. Bhattark, the commander of the army of Gupta dynasty, established Vallabhi state by colonizing Saurashtra Vallabhpur in the year 340 A. D Still the ruins of the Vallabhipur are found depicting its greatness. In the year 614 A. D. Sethians attacked on Shiladitya, the last king of this dynasty and took control of his kingdom.

One Rajput youth who had fled from Vallabhipur and made Panchasar village his capital, near Sami was spreading his rule in the nearby regions. He was from the Chavada dynasty. In the year 696 the only king of Gurjar Rashtra who fought even after he was beheaded, was the king Jayshikhari Chavada. During this time king Bhuvad of Solanki dynasty ruled over Kannauj. Shankar Barot, who was a poet, praised about the Panchasar state in the court of Bhuvad Solanki. On hearing the greatness and fame of the state of king Jayshikhari, Bhuvad attacked on Panchasar and after killing Jayshikhari took control of Panchasar.

At this time Roopsundari, queen of Jayshikhari, was pregnant. She went towards the hills of Saurashtra and was saved by one Bhil woman. In the forest the queen gave birth to a son on “Vaishakh Sud Poonam”. As the child was born in the forest he was named Vanaraj. When Vanraj was only six months old, some Jain priest came there and got to know about the queen and son of Jayshikhari, he took both of them to his Upashraya. As the time passed, on growing up, with the help of his uncle Surpal, Vanaraj started harassing the Solanki kings to take revenge of his father. In the Vikram Samvat 802 ( year 746 A. D. ), Chaitra Vad – 2 he colonized a village by the name of Anhilvad Patan near Panchasar and made it his capital and started extending the limits of his state. There after his heirs were Vanraj, Yogaraj, Kshemraj, Bhuvad, Virsinh, Ratnaditya, and Samantsinh.

In the Vikram Samvat 998 ( year 942 A. D. ) king Samantsinh of Chavada dynasty was ruling, he was very fond of drinking liquor. He used to throw lemon, if the lemon got caught he would make his nephew Moolraj Solanki sit on the throne and if the lemon fell he would make him get up off the throne. On being insulted repeatedly in the court he could not tolerate and by holding the lemon at the point of the spear, killed his uncle Samantsinh and sat on the throne of Patan. At that time Samantsinh had one son who was 12 years old. Samantsinh’s wife Bhatirani took his son to her parental home, Jaisalmer, because she feared that on knowing about the son of Samantsinh, Moolraj might kill his son Ahipat ( Ahivanraj ) and she will loose her son. With this fear she went to her brother’s shelter. Ahipat or Ahivanraj was brought up at his uncle’s place, Jaisalmer. Ahipat who was brought up at Jaisalmer, was given the honour of Rana and he came to Moregarh in Kutchh where he established his capital ( At present there is no village by the name of Moregarh in Kutchh but the Chavadku pond which was dug by Chavada is still there ) and started ruling over the near by villages.

As the time passed, Ahipat Chavada started plundering against Moolraj Solanki to get his father’s kingdom back and set his impact in Kutchh – Saurashtra and Patan. After Ahipat his son Vikramsinh Chavda set on the throne of Moregarh and repeatedly attacked the Solankis of Patan. Vikramsinh Chavda had eight sons; 1. Vijay Karansinh, 2. Shardulji, 3. Sheshkaranji, 4. Vaghraj, 5. Akheraj, 6. Jetsinh, 7. Karmsinh, 8. Lakhansinh. Out of his eight sons the youngest son Kunvar Lakhansinh set on the throne after Vikramsinh Chavda.Out of two sons of Lakhansinh his younger son Vasantsinhji’s heirs are still in Kutchh.
The heirs of Chavada dynasty kept on ruling on the throne of Moregarh one after the other. Punjaji Chavada, the last king till then, on developing conflicts with the Jadejas of Kutchh left Moregarh and prepared a list of 84 villages in Dharapur village near Vadodara. At that time the last king of Gujarat, King Karansinh Vaghela was ruling there. That time Allauddin Khilji came to conquer Gujarat. He conquered Gujarat and continued the traditional capital of Gujarat and Hindus in Anhilwad Patan. At that time the state of Punjaji Chavada was included in the state of Allauddin Khilji. Allauddin Khilji appointed his brother in law Malek Sanjar with the title of Alpkhan ( Bahadur Khan ). This Alpkhan had later repaired the fort of Kadi. This side because of the loyalty of Punjaji Chavada he made Punjaji Chavada the commander of his army. When Allauddin Khilji was in Anhilwad Patan there were nine Jagirs in existence. When Vihal Plunderer had attacked Patan on getting irritated by the terror of Vihal Plunderer, Allauddin Khilji announced that whoever will kill this plunderer will get the Anhilwad state.

Here the brave and clever Punjaji took the responsibility of catching Vihalvad. He camped in Ambasan along with 16000 soldiers to ruin Vihals and the nine Jagirs of Vihalvad. After killing Dehdil in Dabhala, Mahipal Vihal in Gojharia, Lalvihal in Lodara village, Vachchhraj Vihal in Varsoda village, Akheraj Vihal in Abod village and Uderaj in Anodia village and Udayraj and Dangarava he could win the seven Jagirs. But on failing in defeating Jodhas of Peelvai and Dhandhumal of Vadosan he came back helplessly to Allauddin Khilji at Patan. Here, because Punjaji had won seven Jagirs out of the nine Jagirs, Allauddin Khilji was happy and gifted the whole Vihalvad region to Punjaji. Further he gifted 52 additional villages as a prize. Out of these villages Punjaji Chavada gifted some villages to Bhat – Charans and his assistants. The Gadhavis got Devrasan and Shobhasan from Punjaji Chavada. Punjaji Chavada settled in Ambasan, made it his capital and died after ruling continuously for 46 years of his whole life.

Punjaji Chavada had two sons.
1. Mesaji Chavada
2. Vanveerji Chavada
Mesaji Chavada had constructed the arc gate of Mehsana in Vikram Samvat 1414, Bhadarva Sud Dasam. 
Source :- http://www.nri.gujarat.gov.in




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Wednesday 29 May 2013

History Kutch ( Guajrat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Kutch ( Guajrat ) 
Kutch

Kutch
Kutch is an Ancient land. It has an important historical age. It is known as Kutch due to its Geographical Characteristics and due to its turtle-like land shape. It’s this name has reference in ancient literatures. Mallinathi, in his ‘Bhashya Sanjivani’ on ‘Amarkosh’, has explained it as damp region or fallow low land. The reference of it on this name is in the notes on this region of the foreign travellers visited this country in the old times and in Rock Inscriptions, in Scripted Copper Plates and in ancient writings and manuscripts. Before the rise of the Christian era, the region between Sindh and Saurashtra has been described as ‘Aabhir’ and the name has reference in Mahabharata also. The Greek visitor and army commander also, during the second century Before Christ, referred to this region as ‘Aabiria’ or ‘Aabir’ by corrupting the original name ‘Aabhir’. Up to third or fourth century A. D. and thereafter also it has been referred by both the names of ‘Kutch’ and ‘Aabhir’.

Earlier the Aabhirs were dwelling in this region and hence known as ‘Aabhir’ from its original dwellers. Because of its unique geographical situation, surrounded by water and waste land, it was known as ‘Kutch’ later. The administrative role of Kutch seems hazy. Different communities came from the north and the east inhabited on this land since the ancient time. During the known period of the history, it has remained under the control of various dynasties ruling over Sindh and Gujarat. It was also a part of the Maurya Dynasty. There after; it came under the control of Shak, Kshatrap, Gupt, Haihaya. Later on Maitrak, Gurjar, Chaulukya, Chavda, Solanki, Kathi and other rulers of Gujarat ruled over it. Thus, Kutch had very close association with Gujarat whose course of history has created a great impact on this region.
The history of Kutch can be generally divided into two periods, the ancient and modern that means from the starting of the 14th Century before the victory of Sama of Jadeja and the period thereafter or when the Sama Rajput community of Sindh won the Kutch then a separate state of Kutch came into existence in the 14th century. In the ancient Hindu writings, this region is referred as land on sea-shore or desert area. The earlier history of Kutch is found in Greek literature. During 142 – 124 B. C., Kutch was a part of Manendra state spread from Jamna to Saurashtra. Immediately after that (120 B. C.) the Greko Bactrian Empire fell down. The Sethians known as Shak or Min colonized in Kutch and other parts of North Gujarat. In 56 B. C. as Vikramaditya defeated them, they returned after 20 to 30 years and Choketsyin established his empire.

In this first century of Christ, Parthians were thrown down whose power spread from Sindh to South Bharuch. During the first century after the Christ (77 A. D.), Odumbari, referred by Pliny, usually should be the natives of Kutch. Aarbandari, described by Ptolemy (150 A. D.), must be their head quarter. Another reference of Kutchh indicates that Kutch was given to Charans at the time of Telugu’s death during his publicity in the initial period of the eighth century (around 714 A. D.). It seems that Chavdas of the East were the second main tribe of Kutch. During this period, Arabs had started attacking on Kathiawad and Gujarat shores and won the Sindh. They had started their stay on the sea shore of Kutch in the ninth century. There is reference about Kutch in Al-Biruni (970 - 1034) and as described in it one branch of the river Sindhu meets the Sindh Sea at Kutch border. Bhimdev the 1st (1022 – 1072) of Anhilwad ran away before Muhammad Ghazni came to Kanthkot in the beginning of the eleventh century (1023 A. D.). By the end of the century, the forth Sumra prince Sindhar had taken the area up to Manikbai in his possession.

The modern history of Kutch can be considered from the date when the Sama Rajputs of Sindh won the Kutch. This happened in 14th century or at least it ended by then. In the beginning of the 15th century (1410), Muzaffar Shah (1390 – 1411), the  pioneer of the kingdom of Ahmedabad, defeated the commander of Kanthkot. Though the rule was of Ahmedabad Empire because of this defeat, Kutch remained independent till 1472. It seems that the Sardars of Kutch did not have friendly relations in the beginning of the sixteenth century with Ardhun dynasty (1519 – 1543); who had won over Sama of Tota. According to historians of Sindh, Shah Hussain (1522 - 1544) had entered the Kutch in around 1530 for an occasion and had given stiff defeat to Rao. Jam Dadarji, Jam Hamirji and Jam Rawal were the representatives of the three branches of Jadeja dynasty at that time. Bharmal had gone to Ahmedabad during the rule of Mughal Emperor Jahangir and had presented a gift. Jahangir was very pleased with him. 
 
He gave him gift in return and had made Kutch free of the tribute on the condition that the pilgrims going to Mecca would be allowed to go from Kutch. In 1741, Lakhaji Rao had imprisoned his father and took over the reign of Kutch. Rao Desalji ruled up to 1860. An unfortunate conflict went on between Rao Desalji and his crown prince for some time, but friendly relations were established before his death. In 1859, as he was suffering from serious illness, Rao had requested to appoint a state representative to administer and to relieve him of burden of ruling over the state. His request was accepted and on 12th July, the Rao of Kutch had selected the crown prince as Minister and two other Jadeja leaders as members in the advisory Board under the president ship of a political agent. Next year, on 21st of June, the Advisory Board was dissolved and the control of the state way vested in his obvious heir Pragmalji, the 2nd due to the urgent request of Rao. He ruled from 1860 to 1875. After Rao Pragmalji, came Rao Khengar, the 3rd came to power.

He was only of 10 years at the time of his coronation and the state matters were administered under the supervision of a political agent. This royal dynasty went on till the independence. The present Kutch district is made of previous states of the Kutch and 10 villages of the previous Morbi state. It was a class - ‘C’ state after 1947. The Government of India was ruling through the Chief Commissioner. In November - 1956, the states were re-organised and greater bi-lingual Bombay state was constituted with Vidarbh, Marathawada, Saurashtra and Kutch region and Kutch district became a part of the bi-lingual state. Finally, on 1st of May, 1960, the Bombay State was divided and Gujarat and Maharashtra, two separate states, were formed. From that date, Kutch district became a part of the newly constituted Gujarat state.Since there were border issues between India and Pakistan about the sovereignty over some of the parts of Kutch district, special attention was given on the Kutch district after independence.

It was decided to hand over the dispute on the India and Pakistan border to a neutral arbitration commission. On 30th June, 1965, they also agreed to abide by the decision of Commission and that no objection can be raised against the decision of the commission. The Head Quarter of this Commission was at Geneva. The commission heard the arguments from both the parties, scrutinized the documents, maps etc. submitted by both the parties and on 19th February, 1968 declared its judgement which is included in the judgement of India and Pakistan’s case on the western border. Accordingly, the boundary marking was undertaken in 1968 by erecting poles on the land and it ended in June 1969. 


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History Junagadh ( Guajrat )


Gujarat Patel Group 
History Junagadh ( Guajrat )

Junagadh

Junagadh
The history of Junagadh is such that Junagadh was also known by the other names like, Karan Kunj, Manipur, Revant, Chandraketpur, Narendrapur, Girinagar and Pratappur. The British government gave the name Junagadh, famous in the people, in 1820 AD. The rule of Junagadh was governed by different rulers as shown below :
1Maurya319BC
2Shring185BC
3Greek70to73BC
4Shak100to275AD
5Gupt456to770AD
6Chudasma875to1472AD

In the year 640 AD, the Chinese visitor, Hue en Sang, visited Junagadh.
Mohammed Begda, Khalil Khan, Muzaffar, Sikandar, Bahadursha and Ibadatkhan ruled after 1472 AD. Mughals also ruled during 1573 to 1748 AD. After that different Babis / Nawabs ruled up to 1947 AD. The last Nawab of Junagadh, Shri Mohabbat Khanji, left Junagadh and went to Karachi on 9-11-47 because of the attack by the Aarzi Hukumat founded by the people and in 1949, Junagadh princely state was merged into Saurashtra State.




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